If Else Statement

The if statement tells a program to execute a certain block of code only if a particular test evaluates to true.

Syntax

if (condition) {
    /* The code reaches here only if the above
     *  condition evaluates to true. */
}

Example

A program to increase the value of salary by 3000 if it's value is less than 5000:

public class IfExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        double salary = 4000;
        double totalSalary = 0;

        if (salary > 5000) {
            totalSalary = salary + 1000; 
        }
        
        if (salary < 5000) {
            totalSalary = salary + 3000;
        }
        
        System.out.println("Salary is = $" + totalSalary);

    }

}

Output

The if-else or if-then-else Statement

The if-else statement is used to execute the second block of code when if clause evaluates to false. The else statement specifies a block of code to be executed when the if condition is false.

Syntax

if (condition) {
    /* The code reaches here only if the 
     * above condition evaluates to true. */
} else {
    /* The code reaches here only if the
     *  above condition evaluates to false. */
}

Example

A program to increase salary by 1000 if the salary is less than 3000 else increase it by 5000:

public class IfElseExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        double salary = 4000;
        double totalSalary = 0;


        if (salary < 3000) {
            totalSalary = salary + 1000;
        } else {
            totalSalary = salary + 5000;
        }

        System.out.println("Salary is = $" + totalSalary);

    }

}

Output

The else-if Statement

The else if statement is a decision-making statement having multiple decisions.

Syntax

if (condition) {

    /* The code reaches here only if the 
     * above condition evaluates to true. */

} else if (condition) {

    /* The code reaches here only if the 
     * above condition evaluates to true. */

} else if (condition) {

    /* The code reaches here only if the 
     * above condition evaluates to true. */

} else if (condition) {

    /* The code reaches here only if the 
     * above condition evaluates to true. */

} else {

    /* The code reaches here only if none 
     * of the above condition evaluates to true. */

}

Example

Here is a program to show the use of else if statement:

public class OperatorsExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        double salary = 4000;

        double totalSalary = 0;

        if (salary < 2000) {
            totalSalary = salary + 1000;
        } else if (salary < 3000) {
            totalSalary = salary + 500;
        } else if (salary < 5000) {
            totalSalary = salary + 200;
        } else {
            totalSalary = salary + 100;
        }

        System.out.println("Salary is = $" + totalSalary);
    }

}

Output