String Data Type in Python

A String is a sequence of characters. In Python string literals are enclosed in either single quotes or double quotes. 'Hello World' and "Hello World" are same.

Creating a String Variable

To create a string variable in Python, simply a variable name is declared followed by an equal sign = and then the string value enclosed in either single quotes or double quotes.

Example:

x = 'Hello World'
y = "Hello World"
print(x)
print(y)
  

Output:

Assigning a Multiline String

To assign a multiline string to a variable in Python, the string literals are enclosed in triple single or double quotes.

Example:

a = """To assign a multiline string
to a variable in Python, the 
string literals are enclosed
in triple quotes."""

b = '''To assign a multiline string
to a variable in Python, the 
string literals are enclosed
in triple quotes.'''

print(a)
print(b)
  

Output:

Find String Length

The len() function return the length of a string.

Example:

a = "Hello World"
print(len(a))
  

Output:

Accessing Single Character of a String

There is no Character data type in Python. A single character having length of 1 is also a string in Python.

In python, a string is an array of Unicode characters. A single character of a string can be accessed using square brackets. The first character always starts from 0 position.

Example:

a = "Hello World"
print(a[1])
  

Output:

String Slicing

Slicing in Python means getting a range of characters from a string. To return a range of characters, specify the start index and the end index separated by a colon with the square brackets.

Syntax:

string[start index : end index]

Example:

a = "Hello World"
print(a[6:11])
  

Output:

You can also get the range of characters beginning from the end to the start of the string by using negative index.

Syntax:

string[-start index: -end index]

Example:

a = "4444 2222 5555 9999"
print(a[-19:-4])
  

Output:

String in

The in keyword is used to check if a certain character is present in a string.

Example:

A = "This is a great world"
b = "great" in A
print(b)
  

Output:

String not in

The not in keyword is used to check if a certain character is not present in a string.

Example:

A = "This is a great world"
b = "great" not in A
print(b)
  

Output:

String Format

The format() method is used to format a specified value in a string. It takes arguments, formats them and inserts them in places where curly braces are in a string.

Example:

order_string = "The cost price of this pen is {} and the selling price is {}"
formatted_string = order_string.format(10,15)
print(formatted_string)
  

Output:

String Concatenation

String concatenation is the joining of two or more strings together. To concatenate two or more string use the + operator.

Example:

string_1 = "Hello"
string_2 = "How are you?"
string_3 = "Have a great day!"
string_4 = "Where do you live?"

message = string_1 + " " + string_2 + " " + string_3 + " " + string_4;
print(message)
  

Output:

Convert String to Lowercase

The lower() function is used to convert string to lowercase.

Example:

a = "HELLO WORLD"
result = a.lower()
print(result)

Output:

Convert String to Uppercase

The upper() function is used to convert string to uppercase.

Example:

a = "hello world"
result = a.upper()
print(result)

Output:

String Methods

String has a set of useful built-in methods. Some of the methods are: